Dab tsi yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv cov khoom?

Cov ntsiab cai dav dav rau xaiv cov khoom hlau:
Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsim kev lag luam, txawm hais tias nws tab tom tsim cov khoom tshiab lossis hloov kho cov khoom qub, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv tshuab, ntxiv rau cov qauv uas tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv los ntawm kev xa mus rau phau ntawv, feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav tsum xav txog qhov qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog. Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom, ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Los ntawm cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab tsim thiab tsim khoom, ua ntej xaiv cov khoom raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab cov qauv thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom raws li cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom xaiv. . Thaum pib tsim cov khoom, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau tsim raws li cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias cov khoom xaiv yog cam khwb cia hlau, nws tsuas yog tsim los ntawm casting. Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov nqi ntawm cov khoom feem ntau yog txiav txim siab. Qee lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
(1) Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom
Cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom yog ntau yam. Piv txwv li, lub xeev kev nyuaj siab tuaj yeem yog nro, compression, khoov, torsion, shear, thiab lwm yam .; cov khoom muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo li qub, cuam tshuam, hloov pauv; kev ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem yog chav tsev kub, kub kub, tsis kub; Cov xov xwm ib puag ncig tuaj yeem yog acidic, alkaline, seawater, thiab lubricants. Los ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm saum toj no, lub xeev kev ntxhov siab thiab cov khoom thauj khoom muaj kev cuam tshuam cov khoom siv tshuab; qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm thiab ib puag ncig xov xwm yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig siv. Mechanical zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kuj muaj ntau yam. Piv txwv li, qhov txwv tsis pub dhau, lub zog txwv, qaug zog txwv, thiab lwm yam yog cov cim qhia txog lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv; qhov elongation, cross-sectional shrinkage, thiab lwm yam yog cov cim qhia txog cov khoom siv plasticity; qhov cuam tshuam toughness, tawg toughness, thiab lwm yam yog cov cim qhia txog qhov toughness ntawm cov khoom. ,
Txij li thaum lub hauv paus pib ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv yog ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog ntawm cov khoom, ntau yam kev ntsuas lub zog feem ntau yog siv ncaj qha rau kev tsim kev suav ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, δ, ψ, k, K10, thiab lwm yam. feem ntau tsis siv ncaj qha rau kev suav tsim. Qee lub sij hawm, txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom, lawv tau siv rau kev txheeb xyuas lub zog tsis ncaj los txiav txim siab seb lub zog, plasticity thiab toughness ntawm cov khoom xaiv tau zoo sib xws. Raws li rau qhov hardness Performance index ntawm cov khoom, txawm hais tias ib tug npaum li cas ntawm kev kwv yees ntawm lub zog kev ua tau zoo, nws tsis yog siv rau kev tsim thiab xam ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, ntsuas hardness yog qhov yooj yim thiab siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom.
Raws li kev siv ib puag ncig, nws kuj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li: rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov hlau tsis muaj cua sov tuaj yeem xaiv tau; rau qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, austenitic stainless hlau tuaj yeem siv tau; rau qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau hnav tsis kam, cemented carbide tuaj yeem siv tau; rau qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau muaj siab hardness, cov cuab yeej steel siv tau; thiab lwm yam.
⑵ Cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv
Vim tias txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, lawv qhov zoo thiab cov nqi tsim khoom yuav raug cuam tshuam ncaj qha.
Cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau muaj xws li casting, siab ua, vuam, txiav ua thiab kho cua sov.
⑶ Thaum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv, kev saib xyuas zoo yuav tsum tau them rau kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv
Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv yuav tsum yog pheej yig thiab zoo, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum xaiv ntau li ntau tau. Feem ntau hais lus, yog cam khwb cia hlau tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cam khwb cia hlau tsis xav tau; yog tias cov pa roj carbon steel tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, alloy hlau tsis xav tau. Piv txwv li, qee cov crankshafts thiab txuas rods siv ductile hlau es tsis txhob forged steel los tsim, uas txo cov nqi txiav thiab txo cov nqi.
Thaum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv, peb yuav tsum xyuam xim rau kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv. Peb yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog xav txog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej thiab tag nrho cov nqi tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom, tab sis kuj muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov khoom siv. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus nqi engineering: tus nqi=ua haujlwm / nqi. Thaum sib piv cov txiaj ntsig suav los ntawm nws, tus nqi tsis yog tsuas yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj yog lub luag haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom, yog li nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau dua kev lag luam ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li: Txhawm rau tsim lub thawv uas tiv thaiv corrosion, muaj peb txoj kev xaiv cov khoom siv. Ib qho yog siv cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam, nrog tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm 5, 000 yuan thiab siv tau rau 1 xyoos; qhov thib ob yog siv cov austenitic acid-resistant stainless hlau, nrog rau kev tsim cov nqi ntawm 40, 000 yuan thiab siv tau rau 10 xyoo; qhov thib peb yog siv ferritic stainless hlau, nrog tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm 15, 000 yuan thiab siv tau rau 6 xyoo. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus nqi engineering, tus nqi coefficients ntawm thawj, thib ob thiab thib peb kev xaiv yog 1: 1.25: 2, uas qhia tau hais tias qhov kev xaiv thib peb yog kev lag luam ntau dua.